Lamp-stove



ZSheets-Sheet 1. J. H. IRWIN.

, Lamp-Stove. N0." 228,762. Patented .lune I5, 1880.

2 B heetsSheet 2.

J. H. IRWIN. Lamp-Stove. No.. 228,762. Patented June 15,1880

/m JMJ jkl/@2292# l IPATENT OFFICE.

JOHN H. IRWIN, OF MORTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

LAMP-STOVE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 228,762, dated June 15, 1880. Application filed February 14, 1880.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN H. IRWIN, of Morton, in the county of Delaware and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stoves, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, the same not having been to my knowledgeheretofore patented in any foreign country.

My invention relates to such stoves as are used for domestic purposes, havin gforits object the production of a simple and efficient structure, in which, while in operation, an easy escape of the products of combustion is provided after they have parted with their heat, the draft or iniiow of fresh air for supporting combustion being secured against interruption or reversal, and in which currents of air passing the outlet and inlet openings will cause an accelerated ow of air to feed the flame, thereby preventing smoking and obviating any cooling of the heat-communicating parts or appliances; and asecondary object is the construction and arrangement of the essential parts of the device in such manner as that they may be easily and cheaply made and readily dismounted for packing' and shipment.

To accomplish all of this the invention consists, essentially, inlocating the burners or other heat-producing parts in an air-circuit y practically closed except as to one part, wherein are located the discharge and inlet mouths, the open part or break in the circuit being removed from the heat-communicating or working parts of the stove, and being so disposed with respect thereto that passing' air-currents will tend to cause an accelerated outiiow of the products of combustion and an accelerated inliow of fresh air to feed the iiame, the discharge end of the conduit inclosing the circuit being bent downwardly; and the invention also consists in certain novel and useful combinations or arrangements of parts, all of which will be hereinafter first fully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a central vertical section of a stove arranged for cooking, and embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a perspective view thereof. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, and Fig. 4 a plan, of a cookingstove arranged in accordance with the principles of my invention, and having the oil-pot extending beneath the oven-extension. Fig. 5 is a sectional View of a stove embodying my improvements, and showing, instead of an oven, a simple form of fluid-circuit arranged to communicate with the' discharge-section of the circuit through the stove, the better to illustrate the manner in which any portion of the circuit may be utilized. Fig. 6 is a plan of a detachablev top plate intended to be substituted for the oven -in case the latter be removed.

Like letters oi' reference cur indicate corresponding fgures.

The stove herein referred to is an improvement on that shown in Letters Patent granted to me, No. 226,520, dated April 13, 1880, wherein the outlets and inlets are shown as being over, or nearly over, the burners, and not located at a distance to one side or laterally removed from the burners.

A A are burners of any approved pattern intended for the consumption of oil, and these stand in the place of .any means of producing heat which may be adopted. The burners A draw their supply of fuel from a convenient reservoir, B, and are provided with the usual wick-raisers and air-deecting cones.

All the air for the support of combustion is carried to the burners through a practically-closed channel, C, and after passing the burners the air,- gases, and products of combustion are carried offoraway through a like practically-closed channel, C', to the eXit-openin g, which is located over, or substantially over, the inlet-opening, in close proximity thereto, and in such situation as to compel the escaping products of combustion to first tend slightly downward before findingan outlet from the structure.

The outlet-opening is shown as provided with an inclined surface, a, which operates to turn or deflect impinging air-currents in such manner as to cause an ejection from the outlet, and the inlet is also provided with deflecting-suriaces operating to cause an injection of air at the inlet, the mouths or openings being so close to each other that any current of air striking and aifecting the ejector will also wherever they ocparts in all the strike and affect the injector, in consequence of which an accelerated 'flow of air through the IOO ' f is conveniently structure and upwardly through the flamechamber is always secured, and smoking or diminution of the flame thereby prevented.

The inlet and outlet channels form a part of the complete circuit, within which the flame is located, and in connection with which any cooking or heating contrivance is intended to be located.

The upper portion of the circuit is, of course, most highly heated, and in connection with this it will be most advantageous to apply the means for utilizing the heat.

As an illustration of the general adaptation of the invention for cooking or heating purposes, suppose a tube, E, Fig. 5, to be in communication with the heated portion ot' the circuit, at the two points between which is located a valve, I), in the original circuit and a similar valve, o, in the tube. Under such an arrangement, if valve b be closed and c opened, it is plain that the products of combustion will be compelled to pass around through tube E before they can escape, and by suitably manipulating these valves the current through tube E may be regulated at pleasure. It', now, in place of the tube E (which may be regarded as a simple radiator)we substitute an oven, as at O, we have the essential elements ot' a cooking-stove. This oven is detachable from the stove-frame, and when so detached is intended to be replaced by a top plate, as at P, Fig. 6, having one or more pot-holes, p, in the usual fashion; but when in place the oven is included as a part of the before-mentioned circuit, the valve or obstruction f dropping down so as to compel the heated products to pass upwardly and into the oven before escaping. This valve hinged to the removable oven, so as to be folded therein, and thus ad,- vantageously packed for shipment.

The shelves s s, 85e., are preferably disconnected from the oven-walls, as shown, so as to permit the free admission ot' the heated products of combustion to and through the chamber, the better to insure their complete utilization, the bottom of the oven proper or the baking-chamber being left open and communicating directly with the circuit.

At H, directly over the burners or over the tire, is a convenient place for one or more potholes.

Before escaping at the outlet the heated products are first compelled to take a downward course, which insures a thorough expansion into all the upper portions of the structure, and then, after escaping, an immediate upward expansion, by which they are removed from and prevented from min gling'with the in going currents of air intended to feed the iiame. The downward extension of the outlet prevents air-currents which may be projected directly across itt'rom impinging upon the stove-plate or other article heated thereabove, and thereby cooling it or destroying the beneficial results of the heat already obtained, which is not prevented in constructions wherein the outlet is near to the object to be heated.

The deflecting-plates above the two mouths of the circuit may be variously arranged, so long as the effects of ejection and injection are insured. Substantially such arrangement as that shown herein is preferred, although any of the numerous forms of combined atmospheric injectors and ejectors heretofore shown by me in various patents and applications might be adopted for this use.

The circuit broken only at one part, as explained, and the other arrangements being as herein indicated, it will be apparent that any wind or current to which the broken part may be exposed will operate to increase rather than retard combustion, and thus prevent smokin g ot' the flame. This advantageous feature of the improved stove renders it capable of being used out of doors or in exposed situations.

The oil-pot may be extended so as to form the base of the stove, and the remainder of the structure mounted thereon, as indicated at Figs. 3, 4, and 5; or the rear of the stove may be supported by an upright, as at K, Fig. 1, wherein is also thelower section of the conduit, leadin gin an inclined direction from the break down to the air-box which surrounds the burners. In this form the upright an d the inclined joint or branch of the conduit are detachable from the other parts, for convenience of construction and handling. In practice a brace is extended from the foot of the upright to some convenient part of the base, (indicated by dotted lines, Fig. 1,) for the purpose of obviating any accidental parts.

The top plates may be extended at pleasure. and provided with any desired number of pot-holes, and the burners or Wick-tubes may be regulated in size and number, as desired.

The upper part of the stove is detachable from the base in such manner that the burners may be reached, and the air-box which surrounds the burners is also removable.

For convenience of adjustment provided with sockets g g, which receive corresponding studs attached to the stove-body.

The joints in the air-circuit are carefully united, though any inconsiderable leakage will not materially vary the general results secured. So, also, any perforations made in the conduit which do not permit too great an ingress or egress of air will not materially affect the operation ot' the stove.

The outlet and inlet openings are not necessarily provided with the deilecting-plates before mentioned, for the -reason that as the llame continues air-currents passing across the break in the circuit will tend to draw more from the heated column than from the cooler, in accordance with well-known principles, and

therefore the desired direction through the circuit will always be maintained; but very much better results will follow the use of the detlecting-surfaces, and especially will this be the case as the distance between the outlet and inlet openings is increased.

When constituted and arranged substanthe base is disarrangement of the IIO IZO

tially in accordance with the foregoing explanations, the stove may be employed in any exposed situation.

The structure is simple, easily operated, and is found in practice to admirably answer the several purposes of theinvention, as previously stated.

In application for patent for stoves led August 8, 1879, I have shown a lamp-stove so arranged as to obviate the disadvantages of smokking and imperfect combustion, (as is also herein done.) In that form of stoves counterbalancing air-currents are employed, and the inlets are provided with deflecting-plates operating to turn impin gin g air-currents down into the inlet-conduits; but the construction and operation of such stove is materially different from the present form. I desire it understood that I do not intend to cover herein any features shown in either of the aforesaid applications; but,

Having now fully described my invention, what I do claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a stove of the character herein referred to, a practically close-walled conduit having outlet and inlet openings in close proximity to each other, but laterally distant from the heatcommunicating parts of the stove, the burners or heaters located within the inclosed circuit, the outlet being placed over, or substantially over, the inlet, as explained, so that the products of combustion will be compelled to take a downward course after having been utilized and before escaping, these several parts being constructed and arranged to operate substantiallyin the manner and for the purposes set forth.

2. Ina stove of the character herein referred to, a practically close-Walled conduit having outlet and inlet openings in close proximity to each other, but laterally distant from the heatcommunicating parts of the stove, and provided with a deflectin g or retiectin g surface or surfaces, the burners or heaters located within the inclosed circuit, the outlet being placed over, or substantially over, the inlet, as explained, so that the products of combustion will be compelled to take a downward course after having been utilized and before escaping, these several parts being constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

3. In combination withthe iue for the escape of products of combustion from the iiamechamber, an open-bottom oven provided with a damper hinged in the lower opening of said oven, and adapted to compel the heated air and gases to pass into and through the oven;

substantially as shown and described.

4. In a stove of the character herein specified, in which the air and gases are confined to a single circuit wherein the outlet is located over and in close proximity to the inlet, an oven adapted to communicate with said circuit and to form a part thereof, substantially as shown and described.

5. In combination with a stove wherein the air and gases are confined to a single circuit baking-chamber O, communicating with and forming a part of said circuit, the oven being provided with a hinged damper adapted to compel the products of `combustion to enter and pass through the baking-chamber before reachin g the discharge end of the circuit, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a stove of the character herein specified, the combination, with the base of the removable section above the burners forming the flame-chamber, and the removable or detachable section of the air-conduit adapted to conduct air from the fresh-air inlet, substantially as shown and described.

7. In a stove of the character herein speciiied, the combination, with the base, the flamechamber, and the detachable jacket which surrounds the burners, of the detachable section of the air-conduit, communicating with said jacket and adapted to convey fresh air from the region of the inlet and discharge it to the burners, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a stove of the character herein specified, the combination, with the removable section C, of the upright supporting one end of the same,and also supporting a portion of the upper part of the structure, substantially as shown and described.

9. In a stove of the character herein specified, the combination, with the section which is located over the burners and incloses a portion of a continuous air-circuit having outlet and inlet openings in close proximity to each other, of 'the top or pot-hole plate located above the flame-space, and the oven placed in communication with said circuit, substantially as shown and described.

l0. In a stove of the character herein specified, the combination of the section which is located above the burners, the jacket surrounding the burners, a fresh-air conduit leading to or communicating with said jacket, a top or pot-hole plate located above the flamespace, an open-bottom oven, and a damper adapted to direct the products of combustion into and through said oven, substantially as shown and described.

1l. The combination, with the stove-burners,

of a surrounding jacket communicating with the inlet and outlet sections of the conduit, inclosing a portion of the circuit and made detachable from said sections and from the remaining portions of the stove, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

J. H. IRWIN.

Witnesses:

WORTH Oscoop, ARTHUR M. PIERCE.

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